What are STRs in DNA analysis?

Short Tandem Repeats (STRs) are repeating sequences of DNA that consist of 2 to 6 base pairs. These repeats are found in various locations throughout the genome and are highly variable among individuals, which makes them particularly useful for forensic DNA analysis, paternity testing, and genetic fingerprinting.

The reason STRs are valuable in these applications is their ability to provide a unique genetic profile for individuals, as the number of repeats can differ significantly between people. This variability is leveraged in forensic science to match DNA samples collected from crime scenes to known individuals, helping to establish identities and connections to potential suspects. The analysis of STRs is also a key component in the process of DNA profiling, allowing for the reliable differentiation between individuals based on their genetic makeup.

The other choices refer to concepts that do not exist in the context of DNA analysis or are not relevant to the field of forensic genetics. Thus, the correct identification of STRs as Short Tandem Repeats is fundamental in understanding their role in various applications of DNA analysis.