What does pyrolysis refer to in a fire context?

In the context of fire science, pyrolysis refers specifically to the thermal decomposition of materials when exposed to heat in the absence of oxygen. During pyrolysis, organic materials break down into simpler substances, resulting in the production of gases, liquids, and solid residues known as char. This process is crucial in the understanding of fire behavior, as pyrolysis can generate flammable gases that may eventually ignite if they come into contact with an ignition source.

Understanding pyrolysis is essential in forensic investigations and fire scene analysis, as it helps in determining how a fire may have developed and spread. The focus on the thermal decomposition aspect highlights the significance of heat as a catalyst for chemical changes, setting it apart from simple combustion, which involves the presence of oxygen and a flame.